Explain how VR and FR reinforcement schedules would affect the acquired behavior in your rat.
Paper instructions:
• Application: Part 1: Classical Versus Operant
Conditioning
Thus far in this course you have examined the two
behavioral theories of learning: classical conditioning
and operant learning. Both are similar in that they
explain learning as influenced by external stimuli in the
environment. However, there are clear differences
between the theories, and they explain behavior in
different ways. When you observe a behavior, you may
not know how it was learned. Many everyday
behaviors can be acquired by either classical or
operant conditioning. Identifying how behaviors can be
acquired differently helps you distinguish between these
two theories. Continue to note that different sources
identify “operant learning†differently. Your text refers to
it as “operant learning†while other sources may identify
it as “operant conditioning.â€
To prepare for this assignment:
• Review Chapter 5 in the course text, Learning
and Behavior. Pay particular attention to the section
titled, “Operant and Pavlovian Learning Compared.â€
• Think of some behaviors that can be acquired by
classical and operant learning. Select one for this
assignment.
• Bring the behavior you selected to mind. Reflect
on how it can be acquired via classical conditioning.
• Again, bring the behavior to mind. This time,
consider how the behavior can be acquired via operant
learning.
The assignment (1 page):
• Describe the behavior you selected.
• Explain the acquisition of this behavior via
classical conditioning.
• Explain the acquisition of this behavior via
operant learning.
Support your Application Assignment with specific
references to all resources used in its preparation. You
are asked to provide a reference list only for those
resources not included in the Learning Resources for
this course.
Application: Part II: Schedules of Reinforcement
This week, you explore reinforcement as a critical
type of operant learning. Chapter 7 in your textbook
explains that successful reinforcement depends on its
frequency or schedule. Reinforcement does not always
occur every time a behavior occurs. Usually it occurs
on some occasions but not others. When this is the
case, the behavior is considered to be on an
intermittent schedule of reinforcement. For example,
you may receive appreciation, such as “thank youâ€
some of the times that you hold the door open for
someone but not others. If you are reinforced by “thank
you†often enough, you learn to continue that behavior.
According to your text, the most important types of
intermittent schedules are fixed ratio, variable ratio,
fixed interval, and variable interval.
This week you will apply the concepts of variable
ratio and fixed ratio schedules to your proposed
experiment.
To prepare for this assignment:
• Review Chapter 7 in the course text, Learning
and Behavior. Pay particular attention to the section on
simple schedules.
• Review the Schedules of Reinforcement’ section
in Psychology, Core Concepts. Be sure to focus on the
details for Variable Ratio (VR) and Fixed Ratio (FR).
• Think about how different reinforcement
schedules, variable ratio (VR) and fixed ratio (FR) in
particular, affect acquired behavior(s).
The assignment (1 page):
• Describe how you would apply reinforcement
schedules in your proposed experiment.
• Explain how VR and FR reinforcement
schedules would affect the acquired behavior in your
rat.
Support your Application Assignment with specific
references to all resources used in its preparation. You
are asked to provide a reference list only for those
resources not included in the Learning Resources for
this course.
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